Research &Reviews : A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy
Research & Reviews : A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga & Naturopathy (RRJoAsYN) The Journal intends to publish research work that contributes to enhance the Scientific knowledge in Ayurvedic sciences ,explore the relationships between Ayurveda, biomedicine and other contemporary health sciences.The focus and scope of the Journal includes ,but are not limited to the following fields Ayurved samhita and siddhanta Exploring principles of Ayurveda Ayurvedic pharmaceutics, quality control of Ayurvedic drugs and clinical practice of Ayurveda. Panchkarma Yoga Sutras of Patanjali Herbal/Natural products in the area of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Treatment with traditional medicines
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Estimation and Comparison of Cardioprotective Potential of Drakshasava Prepared by Traditional and Modern Methods on Isoproterenol Induced Myocardial Infarction in Albino Rats
This study was designed to estimate the cardio-protective potential of Drakshasava-T and Drakshasava-M which was prepared by traditional and modern methods respectively, and also of Dabur Drakshasava on the basis of histopathological and biochemical parameters in the Isoproterenol (ISO) induced Myocardial infarction (MI) in albino rats and to compare with Inderal*10 (contains Propranolol hydrochloride 10 mg), which is a known cardioprotective agent. Wistar albino rats of either sex weighing between 200–220g were divided into six groups as – normal, ISO control, Inderal*10 treated and Drakshasava-T, Drakshasava-M and Dabur Drakshasava treatment groups. Drakshasava-T, Drakshasava-M and Dabur Drakshasava were administered at the dose of 2 ml/kg body weight and Inderal*10 at the dose of 10mg/kg orally for 30 days. On 29th and 30th day, the rats in the ISO control and in all the treatment groups were given ISO (85mg/kg, i.p.) at an interval of 24 hour. On 31st day, blood was collected by retro-orbital bleeding under mild ether anaesthesia and level of serum marker enzymes viz. Creatine Kinase (CK-MB), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Aspartate amino- transferase (AST) and Alanine amino-transferase (ALT) were determined and serum lipid profile was also measured. After that, these animals were subsequently sacrificed with a higher dose of ether anaesthesia, hearts were removed, weighed and immediately processed for histopathological and biochemical studies. Relative heart weight to body weight ratio was also studied. A significant decrease (P<0.001) in Glutathione (GSH) and increase (P<0.001) in lipid per-oxidation marker Malonyldialdehyde (MDA) level was observed in the hearts of ISO Control group as compared to the normal group which was significantly (P<0.001) prevented by all these test formulations as Drakshasava -T, M and Dabur Drakshasava. Increased level of serum marker enzymes as CK-MB, LDH, AST and ALT as well as lipid profile in ISO induced myocardial infarction in rats was restored with the pretreatment of all these test formulations. Furthermore, the increased heart weight, relative heart weight to body weight ratio and cardiac architecture damage were also found improved with the pretreatment of all these test formulations. Thus, all these test formulations were found nearby equally effective to that of standard cardio-protective agent Inderal *10. Experimental finding suggests that cardio-protective activity of Drakshasava-T, DrakshasavaM and Dabur Drakshasava may be due to an augmentation of endogenous antioxidants as GSH and inhibition of lipid per-oxidation of cardiac membrane. The presence of enriched phenolic and flavonoid compounds in all these test formulations act as antioxidants and might be helpful in stabilizing the cardiac membrane. Keywords: Cardioprotectives, Myocardial Infarction, Isoproterenol, Drakshasava-T, Drakshasava-M Subhajit Ghosh, P.N.Murthy, H.Joshi. Estimation and Comparison of Cardioprotective Potential of Drakshasava Prepared by Traditional and Modern Methods on Isoproterenol Induced Myocardial Infarction in Albino Rats. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(2): 27–37p.
Effect of Yoga in Management of Chronic Pain
The term “pain” originates from the Latin word “poena” meaning a fine, a penalty. It is a hostile impression that can range from mild, localized discomfort to agony. Usually the pain that persists for more than 6 months duration is known as a chronic pain. It is a poorly defined condition. Chronic pain may occur in the whole body, or in the brain or spinal cord. It is difficult to treat due to its complex natural history, unclear etiology, and poor response to therapy. It disturbs the quality of life of the patient to a great extent. Yoga is a simple and very cost-effective technique, which relieves the pain both physically and psychologically. Yogasanas improves blood circulation, facilitating muscle tension and by concentrating the mind on the breath, Asanas combine to comfort the nervous system. Long-term profits include condensed stress and anxiety levels, and amplified feelings of tranquilizing and well-being. Yoga therapy is non-expensive and quite effective in various manners. It can be used in every patient with chronic pain. Keywords: Asana, pain, Pranayama, Yoga Cite this Article Pareek A, Verma K. Effect of Yoga in Management of Chronic Pain. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(2): 1–4p.
Review of Vamana Karma in Ekakushtha (Psoriasis)
Psoriasis is one of the most common dermatologic diseases affecting up to 1% of the world’s population. Psoriasis is a common, chronic and non-infectious skin disease characterized by well-defined dry scaly erythematous patches and covered with adherent silvery white scales. The etiology of psoriasis is still poorly understood, but there is clearly a genetic predisposition. In allopathic management, PUVA and corticosteroids are used. But these therapies have side effects like hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, bone marrow depletion etc. Psoriasis still stands as a challenge to different medical systems. In Ayurveda, skin diseases are included under Kushtha and Kshudra Rogas. Psoriasis cannot be directly correlated with any disease in Ayurveda, but maximum similarity is found with Ekakushtha. Symptoms of Ekakushtha are Asvedanam, Mahavastum, Matshyashakalopama, Krishna Aruna Varna, Kandu, Srava, and Mandala. Ayurveda treatment, i.e. Shodhana, Shamana, Nidana Parivarjana and Rasayana provides long lasting results and a better life to patients. Vamana Karma is best for elimination of vitiated Kaphadosha by means of vomiting. Previous researches showed significant results of Vamana in psoriasis. Psoriasis (Ekakushtha) though is difficult to manage, but if proper diagnosis is made at proper time, many complications can be avoided. Vamana procedure before internal medicines can be best option for management of psoriasis. Keywords: Psoriasis, Ekakushtha, Ayurved, Vamana Karma, vomiting Nirmal Bhusal, Santosh Kumar Bhatted. Review of Vamana Karma in Ekakushtha (Psoriasis). Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(2): 17–20p.
Psoriasis is a papulosquamous disorder of the skin, characterized by sharply defined erythematosquamous lesions. They vary in size from pinpoint to large plaques. It is a major problem amongst the society because of its ugly appearance, which may influence once personal, familial and social life pattern. In this case report, a 42-year-old female patient suffering from Erythrodermic Psoriasis with chief complain of severe itching, scaling and plaques all over the body visited the OPD of Govt. Akhandanand Ayurvedic Hospital, Ahmedabad. The patient was then admitted in the IPD of the same. Vamana karma mentioned amongst Panchkarma was done followed by Panchtikt ghrit guggulu was given and patient got major relief from all the signs and symptoms which are discussed below. Keywords: Psoriasis, Ekakushtha, Vamana, Panchtikt ghrit guggulu Cite this Article Krupa Joshi, Ram B. Shukla. Erythrodermic Psoriasis: A Case Study. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(2): 14–16p.
Pharmacognostical and Experimental Study of Kaidarya (Murraya Koenigii linn.) w.s.r. to its Shothagna (Antiinflammatory) Karma
Shopha (inflammation) is a chief disease among the diverse ailments that are mentioned in our classics. It is said as an independent disease and also one among symptoms in almost all diseases. Shopha can be compared to edema which is one of the signs of inflammation. Curry leaf or Murraya koenigii Linn. or Kaidarya is an important leafy vegetable widely used in Indian cookeries as a flavouring agent in various food stuffs. The shothagna action of Kaidarya is described in various texts of Ayurveda and modern texts. Hence it is an affordable, cheap and easy available drug. Aims and Objectives: To study Kaidarya (Murraya koenigii Linn.) pharmacognostically and its anti-inflammatory action experimentally. Materials and Methods: The required classics were screened for the literary research regarding the disease shopha and the drug Kaidarya. Pharmacognostical studies were done to determine the macro and microscopic structure of drug. Efficacy of the drug was tested experimentally by carrageenan induced rat paw oedema method using a mercury model rat paw plethysmograph. For CG, i.e., Control Group—Distilled water was given. For SG, i.e., Standard group—Ibuprofen suspension – 0.75 ml/100 g of body weight. For TG, i.e. Test group—Kaidarya swarasa 1 ml/100g of body weight Paw oedema of all the rats was recorded hourly for next 24 h using a pletysmometer. Records were statistically analyzed and conclusion was drawn. Conclusion: Kaidarya swarasa is natural and safe, very easily available and has showed beneficial action on shopha by reducing the inflammation to normalcy within stipulated time and is considered as best among all the groups. Keywords: Anti-inflammation, Shopha, Kaidarya, Shothagna, edema Sonali Bihana. Pharmacognostical and Experimental Study of Kaidarya (Murraya Koenigii linn.) w.s.r. to its Shothagna (Anti-inflammatory) Karma. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(2): 21–26p.
Glimpse of Surgery and Cadaveric Anatomy in Ayurveda: An Incredible Contribution of Acharya Sushruta
It is a general truth worldwide that Ayurveda deals with general medicine mainly and very few people know that it has the descriptions of surgical procedures too. And the Sushruta Samhita is the ancient Indian Ayurvedic text book of surgery. 184 chapters of Sushruta Samhita have description of 1120 illnesses, 700 medicinal plants, a detailed study on anatomy, 64 preparations from mineral sources and 57 preparations based on animal sources. Still, it retains the pioneer and foremost position in the field of surgical texts of ancient world. Except the worldwide known work of historical significance on plastic surgery, there are many similar unique contributions on numerous aspects of surgical treatments, such as fracture and dislocations, urinary stones, skin diseases, Pancha Karma procedures, toxicology, pediatrics, eye diseases, psychiatry, obstetrics and gynecology, etc. There is very limited conceptual work which has been done on the few concepts of Sushruta Samhita. Thus to review, a conceptual study has been carried out on some surgical descriptions and cadaveric anatomy of Sushruta Samhita. Outcome of this study shows that Sushruta Samhita is written in the maxim form and the procedures described in it are highly in line with technical capabilities of the times. It is the need of age to explore the hidden facts by deciphering the versions of the Ayurveda texts for the persistence of globalization. Keywords: Ayurveda, Sushruta Samhita, anatomy, Rachana Sharir, cadaveric Cite this Article Dharmendra Mishra, Shalinee Kumari Mishra, Sunil Kumar, et al. Glimpse of Surgery and Cadaveric Anatomy in Ayurveda: An Incredible Contribution of Acharya Sushruta. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(2): 5–10p.
Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is an inflammatory myopathy and vasculopathy majorly targeting the children. The cause is idiopathic and of autoimmune dysfunction. In JDM, the immune system targets the blood vessels causing muscle weakness, inflammation and other complications. Here, we present a rare case of JDM of a 12-year-old girl child suffering from inflammation of the muscles, hard and sclerosed skin on thigh region, arthralgia and myalgia and a distinctive rash all over the body. The patient is given the treatment as per the vatarakta chikitsa as mentioned by Acharya Charak and has shown encouraging results after one week of treatment. Keywords: Juvenile dermatomyositis, calcinosis cutis, inflammatory myopathy, vatarakta Cite this Article Ram B. Shukla, Krupa R. Joshi. Juvenile Dermatomyositis—A Case Study. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(2): 11–13p.
An Atypical Presentation of Adult Onset Still’s Disease
Adult onset Still's Disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic inflammatory disease characterized by persistent high spiking fevers, joint pain, and a distinctive salmon-colored rash. Adult onset Still's disease is treated with anti-inflammatory drugs as well as steroids are also used to treat severe symptoms of Still's. Other commonly used medications include penicillamine, azathioprine, hydroxychloroquine, methotrexate, etc. In this case report, a 30-year-old diagnosed patient of Still’s disease taking conventional treatment for more than two years approached Government Akhandanand Ayurveda Hospital, Ahmedabad and after four weeks of treatment got relief from the symptoms of the disease as well as improvement in laboratory investigation was also found. Keywords: AOSD, Still’s disease, Yamaguchi criteria Cite this Article Ram B. Shukla. An Atypical Presentation of Adult Onset Still’s Disease. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(1): 22–24p.
Utility and Applicability of Paramaanuvada in Ayurveda: A Review
Indian medicine is a scientific discipline and it had been developed by the ancient ages based on their intense clinical observations and subsequent testing. For its proper application and understanding, various philosophical notions have been taken by the sage physicians as they form the fundamental constituents. When we go through the subject dealt in Ayurveda treatises, we find the influence of various Asthika philosophies in it. According to the Vaisheshika thinkers, all objects of the universe are composed of atoms of earth, water, air and fire. Hence, the view of the Vaisheshika concerning creation is called Atomism or Paramanuvada. Atomism postulates the cycle of creation and destruction of the non-eternal or temporary substances of the universe. The explanation of Paramanuvada in Vaisheshika is mainly for the clarification of the Srushti Utpatti. But the explanation of Charakacharya is based on the Chikista point of view. Here the movement of Paramanu mainly depends on Vayu, Karma and Swabhava. In this current attempt, a portrayal of concept of Paramaanuvada, as given in Vaisheshika Darshana has been made and attempted to search and enlighten the subjects where Paramaanuvada is applied and can be applicable in Ayurveda. Keywords: Vaisheshika Darshana, Paramaanuvada, Ayurveda Cite this Article Madhumita Panigrahi, Mahesh Vyas, Kabi Prasad Mohanty. Utility and Applicability of Paramaanuvada in Ayurveda: A Review. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(1): 38–44p.
Clinical Evaluation of Vamankarmaa with Jimutakadiyoga in the Management of Ekkushtha w.s.r. to Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a today’s burning problem because of its socio-psychological impact, limitations and adverse effects of treatment, chronic nature and recurrence. In present era, the skin diseases become a major hazard for mental health more than physical, as it disturb the cosmetic harmony. Various treatments are available from topical to systemic medication but not devoid of side effects. Comparing the psoriasis and Ekkushtha Vaman Karma was selected for present study with Snehapan by Nimbadi Ghrita. Thirty patients were selected for present study and Vamana Karma was planned for Shodhana. After Shodhana, Shamana treatment was given to patients with Nimbadi Vati, 2 g thrice a day with Ushnodaka for 6 weeks. Assessment was done after 6 weeks and data was analysed statistically. In this study, marked improvement was found in 13.3%, moderate improvement was found in 80.0% patients, mild improvement was found in 6.7% of patients. It plays a significant role without any side effects. We have found very significant result in all parameters of psoriasis, like itching, scaling erythema and thickness of sale and also seen an improvement of sign of psoriasis like Auspitz’s sign and candle grease sign. Keywords: Ekkushtha, Nimbadi Ghrita, psoriasis, Vamana Cite this Article Shital Bhagiya, Shrija Mavani, Kuldeep Singh et al. Clinical Evaluation of Vamankarmaa with Jimutakadiyoga in the Management of Ekkushtha w.s.r. to Psoriasis. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(1): 25–30p.
Lumina Herbal Shampoo: Effective, Essential and Important for Dandruff and Scalp Psoriasis
A survey was conducted among ISM doctors to understand the clinical efficacy of Lumina herbal shampoo and its importance and essentiality as well as in the treatment of dandruff and scalp psoriasis. The ISM doctors have stated that they identify and recognize the Lumina herbal shampoo as Siddha drug that is not only effective but also essential for treatment of dandruff and scalp psoriasis. Details of the findings are discussed in the paper. Keywords: Lumina, Dandruff, Herbal shampoo, Psoriasis, Siddha Cite this Article Satarupa Mukherjee, Aruna V, Gayathri Rajagopal. Lumina Herbal Shampoo: Effective, Essential and Important for Dandruff and Scalp Psoriasis. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(1): 31–34p.
Clinical Proof in Support of Efficacy and Drug Identity of Kesh Raksha Oil
Evaluation of the real clinical efficacy and drug identity of Kesh raksha hair oil was done among ISM practitioners and all those who participated in the survey, clearly stated that Kesh raksha oil is not only effective but also essential for the treatment of alopecia and hair fall. Further, they have also stated that they identified Kesh raksha oil as drug of siddha system of medicine. Keywords: Keshraksha oil, Siddha, JRK, hair fall, Alopecia Cite this Article Satarupa Mukherjee, Aruna V, Gayathri Rajagopal. Clinical Proof in Support of Efficacy and Drug Identity of Kesh Raksha Oil. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(1): 35–37p.
Prevention of Skin Disorders through Ayurveda
The occurrence of skin disorders are increasing day-by-day. Modern medicine provides temporary relief but not complete cure. Skin disorders are various and a frequently occurring health problem affecting all ages from the neonates to the elderly and cause harm in number of ways. Maintaining healthy skin is important for a healthy body. The use of plants is as old as the humans. Natural herbs seem to be more effective in the field of skin disorders as already described in ancient Ayurvedic texts. Use of herbs in our daily life will make our skin healthier, glowing, beautiful, and free from skin disorders. Keywords: Skin, Doshas, Ayurveda, Herbs Cite this Article Sneh Lata Jain. Prevention of Skin Disorders through Ayurveda. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(1): 17–21p.
Emergency Medicine: Ayurveda has the Solution
Background: Ayurveda, the science of life is competent enough to deal with emergency medicine. The common notion in present scenario about inefficiency of Ayurveda in tackling emergency is defied by the AYUSH practitioners who are successfully running their clinics in the field and establishing the epitome of Ayurveda as timeless system of medicine. Materials and Methods: The classics where the concerned subject has been opined was collected, compiled and thoroughly analysed. There are many examples opined in the classics directly where the seers have emphasized the importance of emergency treatment saving the lives of the patient concerned. The impact of contemporary system of medicine in this stream is much higher due to adoption of newer technologies, machines and non-invasive techniques but admonishing Ayurveda health system in this perspective is a straight prejudice based monopoly by the system and it certainly has to be banish by the textual references and practical approach by people of Ayurveda fraternity. The concept of vikara vighat bhavaabhava ~(co-relation of etiological factors, body humors and tissues), updrava ~(complications of a disease), categorical description of diseases as mridu and daruna, sadhyovrana ~(ulcers and wounds), bhagna ~(fractures), antra vidradi ~(abscess), agni dagda ~(burns), sarpavisha dansh ~(snake bite) are mere such examples clearly indicating the emergency situations and the management towards them. Conclusion: The scientific principles of handling emergency in classical compendium were the researches done ages ago by the seers. The current advances in exertions of ayurveda globalization demands the need of scientific evidence as per international norms. The new strategies planned by the Government to promote ayurveda should be directed in this light so that the world can also see the hidden credentials of this science. Keywords: Emergency, ayurveda, medicine, vikara, bhava Cite this Article Shweta Dewan, Vikash Kumar, Baldev Kumar. Emergency Medicine: Ayurveda has the Solution. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(1): 1–3p.
Understanding the Principles Governing the Healing Modalities Ayurveda and Aromatherapy
The main objective of this article is to research the connection between ancient healing science of ayurveda originated in India and the aromatic plant based alternative therapy aromatherapy tracing back its history to many ancient civilizations of the world. The principle focus of an article is to gain the basic understanding of the principles governing both the healing modalities ayurveda and aromatherapy, use of active ingredients obtained from various aromatic plants to achieve holistic health, their importance of massage in ayurveda as well as in aromatherapy and its dosha specific to aromatic oils. Keywords: Ayurveda, aromatherapy, healing modalities, aromatic oils, massage therapy Cite this Article Avinash Pastore, Sheetal Wathodkar, Mamta Singh, et al. Understanding the Principles Governing the Healing Modalities Ayurveda and Aromatherapy. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(1): 4–8p.
An Analytical Review on Ahita Aahara w.s.r. to Viruddha Aahara (Food Incompatibility)
Food is that which is consumed in sufficient quantity and quality to meet the dietary needs for a “healthy and active life”. From time immemorial Anna/Aahara (food) is given prime importance and is considered as Bramha in Taittiriya Upanishad, i.e., food is responsible for life of all beings. As our Deha (body) and Aahara (food) are Panchaboutika (five great elements) in composition it is essential to take balanced diet to lead healthy life. Thus aahara vidhi vidhanas (eating habits) should be followed to achieve the condition of being sound in body, mind and spirit for Chaturvidha Purusharta Sadhana (to achieve four requisites for life). As the phrase goes WE ARE WHAT WE EAT..., i.e., our bodily constitution and psychological atmosphere are determined by what and how we eat? Ayurveda has explained Aahara as premier among Trayopasthambas (three subpillars of body). Further emphasizing on Aahara vidhi vidhana, Ashta Aahara Vishesha Ayatanas (rules for intake of food and determinants of food) and Prabhava of Aahara (special action) on body, i.e., Hita (wholesome) or Ahita (unwholesome) Aahara which causes Sukha (happiness) or Dukha (sorrow) to body. But do not expel out and acts contradictory to body are Viruddha Aahara (incompatible food). In this article an honest effort has been made to identify incompatible food in day-to-day dietary habits and categorize them into Samyoga (combination), Samskara (preparation) and Parihara (rules intake for) Viruddha (incompatible) according to classics and its untoward effect on immune, cellular metabolism, endocrine, digestive, circulatory systems leading to different life style disorders. Keywords: Aahara vidhi vidhana, Viruddha Aahara, Hita and Ahita Aahara, Samyoga, Samskara, Parihara Viruddha Cite this Article Manu M, P Sudhakar Reddy, Sowmya MN. An Analytical Review on Ahita Aahara w.s.r. to Viruddha Aahara (Food Incompatibility). Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2017; 4(1): 9–16p.
Irony—The Biggest Solution to Obesity is the Most Sedentary of All Human Activities
Nowadays lifestyle disorders accounts for a major share of mortality and morbidity. Obesity or Atisthoulya—the prime culprit behind the scene—is contributed by so many adverse lifestyle changes including improper sleep. The aim of the present study was to review aspects regarding sleep and obesity in all the classical Ayurvedic texts as well as modern medical text books, also to enquire the relationship between obesity and cycle of sleep and to propose suggestions regarding lifestyle management of obesity in people by giving special importance to sleep patterns. Information regarding sleep deprivation symptoms and body mass index (BMI) were collected from randomly selected 300 subjects using a questionnaire. After statistical analysis an inverse relation between sleep and sthoulya (obesity) was observed. Since the prevalence of circadian rhythm sleep disorders in the general population is unknown. Keywords: nidra, sleep, nidrarodha, divaswapna (daytime sleep), atisthoulya Cite this Article Bhaskaran B. Irony—The Biggest Solution to Obesity is the Most Sedentary of All Human Activities. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2016; 3(3): 25–28p.
Treatment of Menopausal Symptoms by Chandrashoor
Menopause is the cessation of menstruation at the age of 40–45 years in females. This condition is due to decrease in the levels of sex hormones (Estrogen and progesterone). This condition is characterized by mild or severe symptoms like: hot flashes, vaginal dryness, mood swings and menstrual irregularities etc. Ayurveda links menopause with aging, which is a 'vata' predominant stage of life. Thus, the symptoms of menopause experienced by some women are similar to the symptoms seen when the vatadosha rises. Chandrashoor, commonly known as Lepidium sativum, belongs to family Brassicaceae. In English it is known as "Garden cress" in India. Phytoestrogens are plant-derived substances whose chemical structure is similar to endogenous human estrogens (weak estrogen-like effects). Seeds of chandrashoor contain some phytoestrogens. These phytoestrogens compensate the deficit of normal serum estrogen level. Thus, it relieves the menopausal symptoms by normalizing estrogen level. Keywords: Menopause, vatadosha, chandrashoor, phytoestrogens Cite this Article Vinay Bhardwaj, Niharika Sharma. Treatment of Menopausal Symptoms by Chandrashoor. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2016; 3(3): 18–20p.
Prevalence Survey of Medicinal Plants Found in Ashi Village of Gujarat State
Medicinal plants’ survey is essential to plot the distribution of medicinally useful plants in a given area. Due to higher human activity and lack of awareness about medicinal plants, many medicinal species are left to survive on their own on hedges, road sides and waste places. Public awareness about the medicinal use of commonly available plants found in the vicinity will aid in conservation of native medicinal plants. So, survey was conducted under the promotion of national service scheme (NSS) to identify and trace out the distribution of medicinally useful plants which grow in Ashi village as weeds, along the road side including the hedges and waste places. Ashi village is located in Petlad taluka of Anand district in Gujarat, India. The village has an elevation/altitude 32 m above sea level with presence of medium and deep clay black soil and loamy sand (Goradu) soil. The survey was designed to document plant species along with their habit, occurrence and incidence for understanding their distribution. In this survey, 76 plant species from 37 families were identified, out of which medicinal documentation of 75 plants species (98.68%) could be traced directly in Nighantu (lexicons of Ayurveda). Looking at the climatic condition and soil type of Ashi village one can conclude that these medicinal plants are indigenous to this area and hence can be easily cultivated in cost effective manner. Hence, cultivation of these medicinal plants which are in demand can be encouraged to meet the raw material needs of nearby pharmacies and to serve as a household medicine for minor ailments. Keywords: Ashi village, Anand district, medicinal plants surveys Cite this Article Bipin Vithal Sawant, Somaraj Madhukar Kharche, Dilip Khemji Jani. Prevalence Survey of Medicinal Plants Found in Ashi Village of Gujarat State. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2016; 3(3): 1–8p.
Scope of Clinical Practice of ENT Disorders in Ayurveda
Shalakya tantra is one among ashtanga ayurveda, dealing with the study of diseases occurring above the jatru, which includes shiras, karna, nasa, netra and mukha and their management. Shalakya tantra mainly deals with the preservation and restoration of the health of indriyas. In modern science; ear, nose and throat are studied collectively in the specialized field called otolaryngology or upper respiratory tract diseases which is colloquially known as ENT. The monotonous mechanical life style, faulty food habits, restless schedule, stress, overpopulation, overcrowding of vehicles leading to sound and air pollution, junk food habits, etc. are causing hazardous effect on sense organs. Our ayurvedic system of medicine enunciates more of preventive measures, which are lacking in contemporary science. Identifying the nidana and avoiding it, forms the key role in preventing most of the ENT disorders. Hence, it is highly essential to identity and treat the common ENT disorders seen in clinical practice with ayurvedic measures. Keywords: Shalakya tantra, indriyas, otolaryngology, sense organs, ayurveda, ENT disorders Cite this Article Shamsa Fiaz. Scope of Clinical Practice of ENT Disorders in Ayurveda. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2016; 3(3): 9–17p.
Physicochemical Analysis of Shauktika Bhasmas Prepared by Different Methods of Marana
Shauktika is the choice of drug having various therapeutic uses in Ayurvedic practice. The present study was conducted to prepare processed Shauktika bhasmas using techniques (Dhamana, 1 Gajaputa and 7 Kumari Swaras Bhavana and Gajputa). Shauktika was subjected to Shodhana in Dolayantra with Nimbuswaras. Bhasma of this suddha Shauktika was obtained by three methods a. Dhamana, b. 1 Gajaputa and c. triturating it with Kumariswaras (Aloe vera Juice) and then subjected to Gajaputa for seven times for Marana (Incineration) process. To assure the quality of bhasma, Rasa Shastra quality control tests like Nischandratva, varitara, etc. were used. The bhasmas were analyzed for calcium estimation studies. The studies showed that the Shauktika bhasma prepared by Dhamana contained 43.02% calcium whereas Shauktika bhasma (Gajaputa) contain 44.31% calcium. It may be concluded that in pharmaceutical processing Shauktika bhasmas prepared by Gajaputa method is better than Dhamana. Keywords: Shodhana, Shauktika, Maranaa (incineration) procedures, Kumariswaras Cite this Article Sneha Kubde. Physicochemical Analysis of Shauktika Bhasmas Prepared by Different Methods of Marana. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturoapthy. 2016; 3(3): 21–24p.
An Integrated Approach of Research through Yoga, Naturopathy, Healing and Physiotherapy in Reducing Pain and Improving Functional Status of Osteoarthritis Patients Efficiently and Safely
Osteoarthritis of knees also known as degenerative arthritis or degenerative joint disease is a group of mechanical abnormalities involving degradation of joints, including particular cartilage and subchondral bone. The study focuses on reducing the symptoms and increasing the functional activities of elderly patients with osteoarthritis of knees before and after modalities of yoga, naturopathy and physiotherapy. A total of 53 patients were recruited for the study. All human participants were treated on yoga, healing, naturopathy, physiotherapy, and diet control. The study parameters were assessed at baseline and at 12th month follow-up. Results found in this study shows an improvement in pain, 50 foot walk test, morning stiffness, swelling, SF-12, vitamin D3 level, MMT and ROM after taking one year yoga, naturopathy and physiotherapy healing treatment with diet control. In conclusion, a combined package of yoga, naturopathy and physiotherapy with diet control is found to be effective in reducing pain, facilitating improvement in functional status of elderly people suffering from Osteoarthritis of knees. Keywords: Osteoarthritis of knees, yoga, naturopathy, physiotherapy, healing Cite this Article Anath Bandhu Mondal, Kiran Shankar Chatterjee, Nilkamal Mallik, Dipak Mondal, Sajal Samanta, Sanath Takhur. An Integrated Approach of Research through Yoga, Naturopathy, Healing and Physiotherapy in Reducing Pain and Improving Functional Status of Osteoarthritis Patients Efficiently and Safely. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2016; 3(2): 31–39p.
A Glossary Review for Advance Process of Standardization for Ayurvedic Formulations
It’s about the standardization process of world’s oldest medicinal formulation, i.e. Ayurvedic formulation by the utilization of modern concept. A standardization of Ayurvedic formulations is an essential tool for the establishment of a consistent highest biological response, a consistent chemical profiling, or simply a quality assurance process for the production and manufacturing of Ayurvedic formulations. WHO having specific guidelines for the assessment of safety, efficacy and quality of Ayurvedic medicines as a prerequisite for global harmonization, are of utmost importance. An overview covering various techniques employed in extraction and characterization of Ayurvedic formulations as well as Ayurvedic/herbal nano-medicines standardization is reported. In addition, phytosomes increased the bioavailability, bhasma as a metal nano carrier drugs delivery system, potential of metabolomices in the development of important phytotherapeutic agents; DNA based molecular markers in distinguishing adulterants, and SCAR markers for authentication and discrimination of herbal ingredient(s) from their adulterants are reported. Processed metals including mercury, gold, silver, lead, zinc, copper, etc. were used very frequently by seers of the Indian tradition in different disease conditions with great authority. Keywords: Rasausadhi, Kastausadhi, extraction techniques, phytosomes and pharmacosomes, nano-carrier drug delivery system, SCAR markers, DNA markers Cite this Article Subhajit Ghosh, Murthy PN, Joshi H , et al. A Glossary Review for Advance Process of Standardization for Ayurvedic Formulations. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturoapthy. 2016; 3(2): 40–53p.
Ayurveda: Potential Problems and Solutions
Background: The total size of Indian Ayurveda market is INR 50 billion, and it is growing substantially at a rate between 10 and 15 percent, with the same growth rate targeted for the next 10 years. According to the WHO, nearly 80% of the people in Asian and African countries use traditional medicines as their primary medical aid. According to the UN World Tourism Organization, the role of tourism industry in India’s GDP features medical tourism that includes traditional therapies like yoga, meditation, Ayurveda and other conventional systems of medicines is currently estimated at USD 333 million and is most likely to reach USD 2.2 billion by the year 2022. Current Scenario: The world has welcomed the approach of natural and traditional interventions in medicine. The increased scope for innovation and change in approach for AYUSH therapies has risen the estimated global market size which is US 65 billion. Problems: The obstacles faced in the globalization of the Ayurveda are the lack of proper standardization techniques, and its unacceptability towards global challenges. The class of raw drugs used in manufacturing of Ayurveda products is hampered by lack of standardized raw herbals used resulting in tarnished image of oral Ayurveda medications in the market. People want to try the drugs applied locally on different body parts but the oral drugs are constantly in suspicion. The shortage of quality teachers and noble institutions of learning further depreciates the excellence of graduates coming out of these institutes. The absence of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) of manufacturing products to documentation of the relevant public information related to this ayurvedic science further detriment it. Absence of adequate scientific documentation is probably the fundamental problem and most serious limiting factor faced by this sector from the very beginning. Lack of standardization of herbal formulations. Even the manufacturing environment has to be par excellence as many of the authorities like MHRA (Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency), USFDA (US Food and Drug Administration) have the inspection and approval of manufacturing locations as an essential element of registration. Conclusion: The efforts from the Ayurveda community should be made to lay the foundation of this unique medical paradigm with traditional practices to brief its benefits and scope in public health across the globe. Keywords: Global, SOP, medical tourism, Ayurveda Cite this Article Shweta Dewan, Prashant Rathi, Baldev Kumar. Ayurveda: The Next Future Global Market: Potential Problems And Solutions. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturoapthy. 2016; 3(2): 1–8p.
Comprehensive Exploration of Sharir Rachana Terms Described in Ayurveda in the Purview of Urdhva Shakha
The eminent persons of Ayurveda recognized the value of knowledge related to human body and thus incorporated a separate section in their manuscripts. It was a very hard task to collect the words related to Sharir Rachana from main Ayurveda Samhita because as in other terminology terms have their unique meaning and indications, the Ayurveda terminology carries different connotations of the same words with their context while word meaning in Sanskrit is different. Unexplored terms obscure the better understanding of the subject to the students as well as become an obstacle in the way of globalization. Keywords: Sharir Rachana, Ayurveda, Urdhva Shakha, Samhita, Amsha Cite this Article Dharmendra Mishra, Sunil Kumar, Shalinee Kumari Mishra. Comprehensive Exploration of Sharir Rachana Terms Described in Ayurveda in the Purview of Urdhva Shakha. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy. 2016; 3(2): 19–30p.