Trivrut and Its Importance in the Classical Texts of Ayurveda: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Trivrut is considered as the best drug for sukhavirechana in the classical text of Ayurveda. There are differences in the opinion regarding the variteies of Trivrut. Overcall Shyama, Aruna, Shukla, Mahashyama are the varieties delineated in different classical texts. Dedication of a chapter (Shyamatrivrut Kalpadhyaya) in the Charakasamhita and inclusion of the drug in different Ganas (group of drugs) in the classical texts denotes the importance of the drug. In this article, comprehensive review on Trivrut regarding its varieties, uses, pharmacological properties, actions, indications and contraindications, its compound formulations from samhitas (treatise) as well as samgraha granthas was carried out. Total 25, 29 and 33 synonyms have been coined and attributed to Aruna, Shyama and Trivrut respectively. Aruna Trivrut is having kashayamadhura rasa whereas Shyama Trivrut possessed katu rasa. Both the varieties are having ushna virya, katu vipaka and ruksha guna. Total 14 synonyms of Trivrut have been used in the classical text while explaining the different formulations of Trivrut. It is included in 14 groups of drugs. Trivrut as an ingredient was observed in 765 formulations. It is used in 107 diseased conditions in 23 form of medicine, for both internal and external uses. There were 54 different combinations of Trivrut and its variety along with different drugs and vehicle like milk, ghrut, honey useful for laxative action. There were different combination of drugs for the pacification of vata, pitta, kapha dosha respectively along with the season-wise laxative preparations.Keywords: Trivrut, Ayurveda, Operculina turpethum, review